Researchers from the University of Tokyo in collaboration with Aisin Corporation have demonstrated that universal scaling laws, which describe how the properties of a system change with size and scale, apply to deep neural networks that exhibit absorbing phase transition behavior, a phenomenon typically observed in physical systems. The discovery not only provides a framework describing deep neural networks but also helps predict their trainability or generalizability. The findings were published in the journal Physical Review Research.
In recent years, it seems no matter where we look, we come across artificial intelligence in one form or another. The current version of the technology is powered by deep neural networks: numerous layers of digital “neurons” with weighted connections between them. The network learns by modifying the weights between the “neurons” until it produces the correct output. However, a unified theory describing how the signal propagates between the layers of neurons in the system has eluded scientists so far.
“Our research was motivated by two drivers,” says Keiichi Tamai, the first author. “Partially by industrial needs as brute-force tuning of these massive models takes a toll on the environment. But there was a second, deeper pursuit: the scientific understanding of the physics of intelligence itself.”
A spacecraft observes a new oscillation mode in the low-density plasma.
The Juno space probe has spent the past nine years observing Jupiter and its moons. As the spacecraft’s mission draws to a close, the precession of its orbit has caused its closest approach to the gas giant to shift toward the north pole, enabling it to uncover a surprise: an unusual pattern of plasma waves in the planet’s magnetosphere. Now Robert Lysak of the University of Minnesota and his colleagues describe these waves and propose a mechanism for generating them [1]. Their theory offers a new component to include in planetary magnetosphere models and opens a new plasma regime to further exploration.
According to textbook plasma physics, collective waves of electrons in a plasma called Langmuir waves tend to oscillate parallel to magnetic-field lines at a so-called plasma frequency that’s much greater than the ions’ angular frequency around these field lines, their gyrofrequency. Meanwhile, ions tend to oscillate perpendicular to magnetic-field lines as Alfvén waves, with an upper frequency limit corresponding to the ion gyrofrequency. The waves detected by Juno, however, departed from that paradigm: The Alfven waves’ frequency extended only to the plasma frequency, which was less than the ion gyrofrequency. And the waves’ frequency never exceeded the plasma frequency.
A team of NYU chemists and physicists are using cutting-edge tools—holographic microscopy and super-resolution imaging—to unlock how cells build and grow tiny, dynamic droplets known as biomolecular condensates.
A cosmic void could be distorting how we see the universe expand. Sound from the Big Bang may hold the clues. According to astronomers, Earth and the entire Milky Way galaxy might be located within a vast, low-density region of space—essentially a cosmic void—that causes the universe to expand mo
In addition to their high masses, the black holes are also rapidly spinning.
“This is the most massive black hole binary we’ve observed through gravitational waves, and it presents a real challenge to our understanding of black hole formation,” says Mark Hannam of Cardiff University and a member of the LVK Collaboration. “Black holes this massive are forbidden through standard stellar evolution models. One possibility is that the two black holes in this binary formed through earlier mergers of smaller black holes.”
A groundbreaking new method developed at the University of Osaka calculates the entropy of liquids using a non-empirical approach, requiring only the atomic species as input. The paper is published in the Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter.
“The result was a huge surprise for us. No theory has ever predicted it,” says Davide Bossini.
Not only does the process work—it also has spectacular effects. By driving high-frequency magnon pairs via laser pulses, the physicists succeeded in changing the frequencies and amplitudes of other magnons—and thus the magnetic properties of the material—in a non-thermal way.
“Every solid has its own set of frequencies: electronic transitions, lattice vibrations, magnetic excitations. Every material resonates in its own way,” explains Bossini. It is precisely this set of frequencies that can be influenced through the new process.
Physicist and fusion researcher Eric Lerner presents a sweeping critique of the Big Bang theory and the standard model of cosmology at Demysticon 25. He builds on the foundations of plasma physics and the work of Nobel laureate Hannes Alfvén to outline an alternative cosmological framework rooted in known physical laws—gravity, nuclear fusion, and electromagnetic plasma behavior—rather than hypothetical concepts like dark matter, dark energy, or cosmic inflation. He explores how filamentary plasma structures may account for galaxy formation, how fusion research using dense plasma focus devices parallels cosmic processes, and how the cosmic microwave background may not be relic radiation from a singular origin. Merging astrophysics, plasma cosmology, and energy research, this talk reframes the origin and structure of the universe—and calls into question the prevailing narratives at the heart of modern theoretical physics.
PATREON / demystifysci.
PARADIGM DRIFT https://demystifysci.com/paradigm-dri… Go! Introduction the Big Bang Debate 00:03:57 Eric Lerner’s Perspective on Cosmic Evolution 00:04:21 The Pinch Effect and Electrical Currents in Plasmas 00:10:27 Evolutionary Hierarchies and Cosmic Filaments 00:14:50 Interplay of Forces in Structure Formation 00:18:14 Evidence of Filaments Across Scales 00:25:04 Dynamics of Galaxy Formation and Star Development 00:29:08 Cosmic Microwave Background and Element Formation 00:30:29 The Formation and Properties of Early Galaxies 00:35:22 Energy Flows and the Cosmic Evolution Crisis 00:39:58 Plasma Focus Devices and Fusion Energy Research 00:41:16 Q&A Understanding Galaxy Components and Rotation 00:51:33 Q&A The Implications of Missing Gravity and Galaxy Dynamics 00:58:07 Q&A Gravitational Lensing and Mass Distribution 01:00:32 Q&A Lensing and Galactic Observations 01:02:04 Q&A Fractal Patterns in Cosmology #cosmology, #space, #galaxyformation, #gravitationalwaves, #cosmicstructures, #astrophysics, #fusionenergy, #magneticfields, #spacephysics, #electricuniverse, #criticalthinking #philosophypodcast, #sciencepodcast, #longformpodcast ABOUS US: Anastasia completed her PhD studying bioelectricity at Columbia University. When not talking to brilliant people or making movies, she spends her time painting, reading, and guiding backcountry excursions. Shilo also did his PhD at Columbia studying the elastic properties of molecular water. When he’s not in the film studio, he’s exploring sound in music. They are both freelance professors at various universities. PATREON: get episodes early + join our weekly Patron Chat https://bit.ly/3lcAasB MERCH: Rock some DemystifySci gear : https://demystifysci.myspreadshop.com… AMAZON: Do your shopping through this link: https://amzn.to/3YyoT98 DONATE: https://bit.ly/3wkPqaD SUBSTACK: https://substack.com/@UCqV4_7i9h1_V7h… BLOG: http://DemystifySci.com/blog RSS: https://anchor.fm/s/2be66934/podcast/rss MAILING LIST: https://bit.ly/3v3kz2S SOCIAL:
00:00 Go! Introduction the Big Bang Debate. 00:03:57 Eric Lerner’s Perspective on Cosmic Evolution. 00:04:21 The Pinch Effect and Electrical Currents in Plasmas. 00:10:27 Evolutionary Hierarchies and Cosmic Filaments. 00:14:50 Interplay of Forces in Structure Formation. 00:18:14 Evidence of Filaments Across Scales. 00:25:04 Dynamics of Galaxy Formation and Star Development. 00:29:08 Cosmic Microwave Background and Element Formation. 00:30:29 The Formation and Properties of Early Galaxies. 00:35:22 Energy Flows and the Cosmic Evolution Crisis. 00:39:58 Plasma Focus Devices and Fusion Energy Research. 00:41:16 Q&A Understanding Galaxy Components and Rotation. 00:51:33 Q&A The Implications of Missing Gravity and Galaxy Dynamics. 00:58:07 Q&A Gravitational Lensing and Mass Distribution. 01:00:32 Q&A Lensing and Galactic Observations. 01:02:04 Q&A Fractal Patterns in Cosmology.
ABOUS US: Anastasia completed her PhD studying bioelectricity at Columbia University. When not talking to brilliant people or making movies, she spends her time painting, reading, and guiding backcountry excursions. Shilo also did his PhD at Columbia studying the elastic properties of molecular water. When he’s not in the film studio, he’s exploring sound in music. They are both freelance professors at various universities.
In a new Nature Physicspaper, researchers report the first experimental observation of the transverse Thomson effect, a key thermoelectric phenomenon that has eluded scientists since it was predicted over a century ago.
For over a century, thermoelectric effects have formed the foundation of how physicists understand the link between heat and electricity. Our knowledge of how heat and electricity interact within materials is rooted in the Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson effects, all identified during the 1800s.
The Thomson effect causes volumetric heating or cooling when an electric current and a temperature gradient flow in the same direction through a conductor.
These black holes were whirling at speeds nearly brushing the limits of Einstein’s theory of general relativity, forcing researchers to stretch existing models to interpret the signal.
“Black holes this massive are forbidden by standard stellar evolution models,” says Professor Mark Hannam from Cardiff University. “One explanation is that they were born from past black hole mergers, a cosmic case of recursion.”
