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Dec 19, 2023

James Webb Space Telescope may have found the oldest black hole in the universe

Posted by in category: cosmology

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has spotted the oldest black hole ever seen, an ancient monster with the mass of 1.6 million suns lurking 13 billion years in the universe’s past.

The James Webb Space Telescope, whose cameras enable it to look back in time to our universe’s beginnings, spotted the supermassive black hole at the center of the infant galaxy GN-z11 just 440 million years after the universe began.

Dec 19, 2023

Chinese Experiments Show Near Room Temperature Superconducting Evidence for LK99

Posted by in categories: energy, materials

South China University of Technology and Central South University published a paper confirming the discovery of a near-room-temperature superconducting component in LK99-type materials through sample testing. This is significant experimental support for LK99 room temperature superconductivity.

They have found significant hysteresis and memory effect of LFMA in samples of CSLA. The effect is sufficiently robust in magnetic field sweep and rotation and will lose memory in a long duration. The temperature dependence of LFMA intensity exhibits a phase transition at 250 K. The phase diagram of superconducting Meissner and vortex glass is then calculated in the framework of lattice gauge model. In the near future, they will continue to improve the quality of samples to realize full levitation and magnetic flux pinning by increasing active components. The application of a microwave power repository will be considered as well.

Most superconductors have got the low-field microwave absorption (LFMA) due to the presence of superconducting gap and the relevant superconducting vortices as excited states. More importantly, the derivative LFMA of superconductors is positively dependent of the magnetic field as the vortices are more induced under higher field. As a comparison, although the soft magnetism is also active under low field, the precession of spin moments will be suppressed so that the derivative LFMA of magnetic materials is normally negative. The sign of LFMA can be always corrected by the signal of radicals in our measurements. In this case, the signals below 500 Gauss are all positive, implying the presence of superconductivity.

Dec 19, 2023

Does quantum theory imply the entire Universe is preordained?

Posted by in category: quantum physics

The popular idea that quantum physics implies everything is random and nothing is certain might be as far from the truth as it could possibly be.

Dec 19, 2023

Coming Soon: First-Ever Supercomputer To Match The Human Brain’s 228 Trillion Operations Per Second

Posted by in categories: neuroscience, supercomputing

DeepSouth should be operational in Spring 2024.

Dec 19, 2023

The Biggest Discoveries in Biology in 2023

Posted by in categories: biological, health, neuroscience

In a year packed with fascinating discoveries, biologists pushed the limits of synthetic life, probed how organisms keep time, and refined theories about consciousness and emotional health.

Dec 19, 2023

This AI Paper Introduces a Groundbreaking Method for Modeling 3D Scene Dynamics Using Multi-View Videos

Posted by in categories: augmented reality, physics, robotics/AI

NVFi tackles the intricate challenge of comprehending and predicting the dynamics within 3D scenes evolving over time, a task critical for applications in augmented reality, gaming, and cinematography. While humans effortlessly grasp the physics and geometry of such scenes, existing computational models struggle to explicitly learn these properties from multi-view videos. The core issue lies in the inability of prevailing methods, including neural radiance fields and their derivatives, to extract and predict future motions based on learned physical rules. NVFi ambitiously aims to bridge this gap by incorporating disentangled velocity fields derived purely from multi-view video frames, a feat yet unexplored in prior frameworks.

The dynamic nature of 3D scenes poses a profound computational challenge. While recent advancements in neural radiance fields showcased exceptional abilities in interpolating views within observed time frames, they fall short in learning explicit physical characteristics such as object velocities. This limitation impedes their capability to foresee future motion patterns accurately. Current studies integrating physics into neural representations exhibit promise in reconstructing scene geometry, appearance, velocity, and viscosity fields. However, these learned physical properties are often intertwined with specific scene elements or necessitate supplementary foreground segmentation masks, limiting their transferability across scenes. NVFi’s pioneering ambition is to disentangle and comprehend the velocity fields within entire 3D scenes, fostering predictive capabilities extending beyond training observations.

Researchers from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University introduce a comprehensive framework NVFi encompassing three fundamental components. First, a keyframe dynamic radiance field facilitates the learning of time-dependent volume density and appearance for every point in 3D space. Second, an interframe velocity field captures time-dependent 3D velocities for each point. Finally, a joint optimization strategy involving both keyframe and interframe elements, augmented by physics-informed constraints, orchestrates the training process. This framework offers flexibility in adopting existing time-dependent NeRF architectures for dynamic radiance field modeling while employing relatively simple neural networks, such as MLPs, for the velocity field. The core innovation lies in the third component, where the joint optimization strategy and specific loss functions enable precise learning of disentangled velocity fields without additional object-specific information or masks.

Dec 19, 2023

Google wants to solve tricky physics problems with quantum computers

Posted by in categories: computing, information science, quantum physics

Quantum computers could become more useful now researchers at Google have designed an algorithm that can translate complex physical problems into the language of quantum physics.

By Alex Wilkins

Dec 19, 2023

Growing Old Could Have Played a Critical Role in Our Evolution

Posted by in categories: biological, computing, life extension

Growing old may come with more aches and pains attached, but new research suggests there’s a bigger picture to look at: by reaching our dotage, we might actually be helping the evolution of our species.

Once assumed to be an inevitable consequence of living in a rough-and-tumble world, aging is now considered something of a mystery. Some species barely age at all, for example. One of the big questions is whether aging is simply a by-product of biology, or something that comes with an evolutionary advantage.

The new research is based on a computer model developed by a team from the HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research in Hungary which suggests old age can be positively selected for in the same way as other traits.

Dec 19, 2023

How AI Firms Plan to Build and Control Superintelligence

Posted by in category: robotics/AI

As tech firms race to build superintelligent AI systems, is all the hype around superhuman AI helpful, harmful, or even realistic?

Dec 19, 2023

Zander Laboratories inks $33M deal to develop brain-computer interface tech

Posted by in categories: computing, neuroscience

Germany-based startup Zander Laboratories signed a contract worth €30 million ($32.9 million) to develop neurotechnological prototypes. Zander signed the contract with The German Agency for Innovation…

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