<\/p>\n
<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/immunotherapy\">Immunotherapy<\/a>, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/immune-checkpoint-inhibitor\">ICIs<\/a>), has changed the landscape of cancer treatment in the last decade. Immunotherapies, treatments targeting a patient\u2019s immune system instead of the cancer itself, work on cancers considered \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.labroots.com\/trending\/cancer\/21995\/heating-immune-response-cold-tumors-hot\" target=\"_blank\">hot<\/a>,\u201d indicating that the tumor contains immune cells and factors which favor an anti-tumor immune response. Cancers that respond to immune-based therapies are known as \u201cimmunogenic\u201d since the treatment can stimulate the immune response.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.labroots.com\/trending\/cancer\/21995\/heating-immune-response-cold-tumors-hot\">cold<\/a>\u201d cancers, characterized as \u201cnon-immunogenic,\u201d fail to respond to immunotherapies. One cancer understood as refractory to immune-based regimens is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5204\/full\/v12\/i2\/173.htm\">PDAC<\/a>), a highly aggressive pancreatic malignancy where less than 10% of patients survive five years past diagnosis. ICIs, including those targeting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa1200694\">PD-L1<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/immunotherapy-journal\/Abstract\/2010\/10000\/Phase_2_Trial_of_Single_Agent_Ipilimumab.9.aspx\">CTLA-4<\/a> lack the efficacy to impact survival outcomes in PDAC patients significantly. Further, estimates project that by <a href=\"https:\/\/aacrjournals.org\/cancerres\/article\/74\/11\/2913\/592763\/Projecting-Cancer-Incidence-and-Deaths-to-2030-The\">2030<\/a>, PDAC will rise to the second-highest cause of cancer-related deaths. Thus, there remains a significant need to develop novel and practical strategies to treat patients with this disease.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has changed the landscape of cancer treatment in the last decade. Immunotherapies, treatments targeting a patient\u2019s immune system instead of the cancer itself, work on cancers considered \u201chot,\u201d indicating that the tumor contains immune cells and factors which favor an anti-tumor immune response. Cancers that respond to immune-based therapies [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":662,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-154443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biotech-medical"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/662"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=154443"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154443\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=154443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=154443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=154443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}