{"id":144835,"date":"2022-08-26T01:26:23","date_gmt":"2022-08-26T06:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2022\/08\/synaptotagmin-7-enhances-facilitation-of-cav2-1-calcium-channels"},"modified":"2022-08-26T01:26:23","modified_gmt":"2022-08-26T06:26:23","slug":"synaptotagmin-7-enhances-facilitation-of-cav2-1-calcium-channels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2022\/08\/synaptotagmin-7-enhances-facilitation-of-cav2-1-calcium-channels","title":{"rendered":"Synaptotagmin-7 Enhances Facilitation of Cav2.1 Calcium Channels"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"aligncenter blog-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog.images\/synaptotagmin-7-enhances-facilitation-of-cav2-1-calcium-channels2.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Inward Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> currents conducted by voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> (Ca<sub>v<\/sub>) channels couple action potentials and other depolarizing stimuli to many Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>-dependent intracellular processes, including neurotransmission, hormone secretion, and muscle contraction (<a id=\"xref-ref-34-1\" class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/DOI\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0081-22.2022#ref-34\">Zamponi et al., 2015<\/a>). In presynaptic nerve terminals, Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1, Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.2, and Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.3 channels conduct P\/Q-type, N-type, and R-type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> currents that trigger rapid neurotransmission (for review, see <a id=\"xref-ref-27-1\" class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/DOI\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0081-22.2022#ref-27\">Olivera et al., 1994<\/a>; <a id=\"xref-ref-34-2\" class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/DOI\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0081-22.2022#ref-34\">Zamponi et al., 2015<\/a>; <a id=\"xref-ref-23-1\" class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/DOI\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0081-22.2022#ref-23\">Nanou and Catterall, 2018<\/a>). However, only P\/Q-type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> currents conducted by Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1 channels can mediate short-term synaptic facilitation at the calyx of Held in mice (<a id=\"xref-ref-11-1\" class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/DOI\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0081-22.2022#ref-11\">Inchauspe et al., 2004<\/a>), pointing to a unique role of these Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> channels in short-term synaptic plasticity.<\/p>\n<p>In transfected nonneuronal cells, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> entry mediated by Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1 channels causes calcium-dependent facilitation (CDF) and inactivation (CDI) during single depolarizations and in trains of repetitive depolarizing pulses (Lee et al., 1999, 2000; DeMaria et al., 2001; Catterall and Few, 2008; Christel and Lee, 2012; Ben-Johny and Yue, 2014). Both CDF and CDI of Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1 channels are dependent on calmodulin (CaM; Lee et al., 1999, 2000; DeMaria et al., 2001). CaM preassociates with the C-terminal domain of the pore-forming \u03b11 subunit of Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1 channels (Erickson et al., 2001). Following Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> binding, CaM initially interacts with the nearby IQ-like motif (IM) and causes CDF, whereas further binding of Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>\/CaM to the more distal CaM-binding domain (CBD) induces CDI of Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.1 channels (DeMaria et al., 2001; Lee et al., 2003). Introducing the IM-AA mutation into the IQ-like motif of Ca<sub>v<\/sub>2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inward Ca2+ currents conducted by voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav) channels couple action potentials and other depolarizing stimuli to many Ca2+-dependent intracellular processes, including neurotransmission, hormone secretion, and muscle contraction (Zamponi et al., 2015). In presynaptic nerve terminals, Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2.3 channels conduct P\/Q-type, N-type, and R-type Ca2+ currents that trigger rapid neurotransmission (for review, see [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":359,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1491],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-144835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-transportation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/144835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/359"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=144835"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/144835\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=144835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=144835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=144835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}