{"id":130743,"date":"2021-11-17T06:25:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-17T14:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2021\/11\/mathematicians-derive-the-formulas-for-boundary-layer-turbulence-100-years-after-the-phenomenon-was-first-formulated"},"modified":"2021-11-17T06:25:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-17T14:25:00","slug":"mathematicians-derive-the-formulas-for-boundary-layer-turbulence-100-years-after-the-phenomenon-was-first-formulated","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2021\/11\/mathematicians-derive-the-formulas-for-boundary-layer-turbulence-100-years-after-the-phenomenon-was-first-formulated","title":{"rendered":"Mathematicians derive the formulas for boundary layer turbulence 100 years after the phenomenon was first formulated"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding-right: 20px\"><a class=\"aligncenter blog-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog.images\/mathematicians-derive-the-formulas-for-boundary-layer-turbulence-100-years-after-the-phenomenon-was-first-formulated2.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Turbulence makes many people uneasy or downright queasy. And it\u2019s given researchers a headache, too. Mathematicians have been trying for a century or more to understand the turbulence that arises when a flow interacts with a boundary, but a formulation has proven elusive.<\/p>\n<p>Now an international team of mathematicians, led by UC Santa Barbara professor Bj\u00f6rn Birnir and the University of Oslo professor Luiza Angheluta, has published a complete description of boundary <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/layer\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"\">layer<\/a> turbulence. The paper appears in <i>Physical Review Research<\/i>, and synthesizes decades of work on the topic. The theory unites empirical observations with the Navier-Stokes equation\u2014the mathematical foundation of <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/fluid\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"\">fluid<\/a> dynamics\u2014into a <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/mathematical+formula\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"\">mathematical formula<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This phenomenon was first described around 1920 by Hungarian physicist Theodore von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n and German physicist Ludwig Prandtl, two luminaries in fluid dynamics. \u201cThey were honing in on what\u2019s called boundary layer turbulence,\u201d said Birnir, director of the Center for Complex and Nonlinear Science. This is turbulence caused when a flow interacts with a boundary, such as the fluid\u2019s surface, a pipe wall, the surface of the Earth and so forth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Turbulence makes many people uneasy or downright queasy. And it\u2019s given researchers a headache, too. Mathematicians have been trying for a century or more to understand the turbulence that arises when a flow interacts with a boundary, but a formulation has proven elusive. Now an international team of mathematicians, led by UC Santa Barbara professor [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":396,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,2229],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-information-science","category-mathematics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/396"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130743\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}