{"id":109688,"date":"2020-07-08T18:03:07","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T01:03:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/07\/large-scale-integration-of-artificial-atoms-in-hybrid-photonic-circuits"},"modified":"2020-07-08T18:03:07","modified_gmt":"2020-07-09T01:03:07","slug":"large-scale-integration-of-artificial-atoms-in-hybrid-photonic-circuits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/07\/large-scale-integration-of-artificial-atoms-in-hybrid-photonic-circuits","title":{"rendered":"Large-scale integration of artificial atoms in hybrid photonic circuits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"aligncenter blog-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog.images\/large-scale-integration-of-artificial-atoms-in-hybrid-photonic-circuits.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A central challenge in developing quantum computers and long-range quantum networks is the distribution of entanglement across many individually controllable qubits<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 1\" title=\"Wehner, S., Elkouss, D. & Hanson, R. Quantum internet: a vision for the road ahead. Science 362, eaam9288 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR1\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e496\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Colour centres in diamond have emerged as leading solid-state \u2018artificial atom\u2019 qubits<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2\" title=\"Awschalom, D. D., Hanson, R., Wrachtrup, J. & Zhou, B. B. Quantum technologies with optically interfaced solid-state spins. Nat. Photon. 12, 516&ndash;527 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR2\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e500\">2<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3\" title=\"Atat\u00fcre, M., Englund, D., Vamivakas, N., Lee, S.-Y. & Wrachtrup, J. Material platforms for spin-based photonic quantum technologies. Nat. Rev. Mater. 3, 38&ndash;51 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR3\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e503\">3<\/a><\/sup> because they enable on-demand remote entanglement<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 4\" title=\"Humphreys, P. C. et al. Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network. Nature 558, 268&ndash;273 (2018); correction 562, E2 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR4\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e507\">4<\/a><\/sup>, coherent control of over ten ancillae qubits with minute-long coherence times<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 5\" title=\"Bradley, C. E. et al. A ten-qubit solid-state spin register with quantum memory up to one minute. Phys. Rev. X 9, 031045 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR5\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e511\">5<\/a><\/sup> and memory-enhanced quantum communication<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 6\" title=\"Bhaskar, M. K. et al. Experimental demonstration of memory-enhanced quantum communication. Nature 580, 60&ndash;64 (2020).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR6\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e515\">6<\/a><\/sup>. A critical next step is to integrate large numbers of artificial atoms with photonic architectures to enable large-scale quantum information processing systems. So far, these efforts have been stymied by qubit inhomogeneities, low device yield and complex device requirements. Here we introduce a process for the high-yield heterogeneous integration of \u2018quantum microchiplets\u2019\u2014diamond waveguide arrays containing highly coherent colour centres\u2014on a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). We use this process to realize a 128-channel, defect-free array of germanium-vacancy and silicon-vacancy colour centres in an aluminium nitride PIC. Photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals long-term, stable and narrow average optical linewidths of 54 megahertz (146 megahertz) for germanium-vacancy (silicon-vacancy) emitters, close to the lifetime-limited linewidth of 32 megahertz (93 megahertz). We show that inhomogeneities of individual colour centre optical transitions can be compensated in situ by integrated tuning over 50 gigahertz without linewidth degradation. The ability to assemble large numbers of nearly indistinguishable and tunable artificial atoms into phase-stable PICs marks a key step towards multiplexed quantum repeaters<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 7\" title=\"Muralidharan, S. et al. Optimal architectures for long distance quantum communication. Sci. Rep. 6, 20463 (2016).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR7\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e520\">7<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 8\" title=\"Lo Piparo, N., Munro, W. J. & Nemoto, K. Quantum multiplexing. Phys. Rev. A 99, 022337 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR8\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e523\">8<\/a><\/sup> and general-purpose quantum processors<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" title=\"Nemoto, K. et al. Photonic architecture for scalable quantum information processing in diamond. Phys. Rev. X 4, 031022 (2014).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR9\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e527\">9<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" title=\"Monroe, C. et al. Large-scale modular quantum-computer architecture with atomic memory and photonic interconnects. Phys. Rev. A 89, 022317 (2014).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR10\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e527_1\">10<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" title=\"Nickerson, N. H., Fitzsimons, J. F. & Benjamin, S. C. Freely scalable quantum technologies using cells of 5-to-50 qubits with very lossy and noisy photonic links. Phys. Rev. X 4, 041041 (2014).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR11\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e527_2\">11<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 12\" title=\"Choi, H., Pant, M., Guha, S. & Englund, D. Percolation-based architecture for cluster state creation using photon-mediated entanglement between atomic memories. npj Quantum Inf. 5, 104 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2441-3#ref-CR12\" id=\"ref-link-section-d6152e530\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A central challenge in developing quantum computers and long-range quantum networks is the distribution of entanglement across many individually controllable qubits1. Colour centres in diamond have emerged as leading solid-state \u2018artificial atom\u2019 qubits2,3 because they enable on-demand remote entanglement4, coherent control of over ten ancillae qubits with minute-long coherence times5 and memory-enhanced quantum communication6. A [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":513,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1523,48,1617],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-109688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computing","category-particle-physics","category-quantum-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/513"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109688"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109688\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}