{"id":107490,"date":"2020-05-22T19:45:21","date_gmt":"2020-05-23T02:45:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/05\/a-fault-tolerant-non-clifford-gate-for-the-surface-code-in-two-dimensions"},"modified":"2020-05-22T19:45:21","modified_gmt":"2020-05-23T02:45:21","slug":"a-fault-tolerant-non-clifford-gate-for-the-surface-code-in-two-dimensions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/05\/a-fault-tolerant-non-clifford-gate-for-the-surface-code-in-two-dimensions","title":{"rendered":"A fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate for the surface code in two dimensions"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Fault-tolerant logic gates will consume a large proportion of the resources of a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture. Here we show how to perform a fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate with the surface code; a quantum error-correcting code now under intensive development. This alleviates the need for distillation or higher-dimensional components to complete a universal gate set. The operation uses both local transversal gates and code deformations over a time that scales with the size of the qubit array. An important component of the gate is a just-in-time decoder. These decoding algorithms allow us to draw upon the advantages of three-dimensional models using only a two-dimensional array of live qubits. Our gate is completed using parity checks of weight no greater than four. We therefore expect it to be amenable with near-future technology. As the gate circumvents the need for magic-state distillation, it may reduce the resource overhead of surface-code quantum computation considerably.<\/p>\n

A scalable quantum computer is expected to solve difficult problems that are intractable with classical technology. Scaling such a machine to a useful size will necessarily require fault-tolerant components that protect quantum information as the data is processed (1<\/em><\/a>\u20134<\/em><\/a>). If we are to see the realization of a quantum computer, its design must respect the constraints of the quantum architecture that can be prepared in the laboratory. In many cases, for instance, superconducting qubits (5<\/em><\/a>\u20137<\/em><\/a>), this restricts us to two-dimensional architectures.<\/p>\n

Leading candidate models for fault-tolerant quantum computation are based on the surface code (3<\/em><\/a>, 8<\/em><\/a>) due to its high threshold (9<\/em><\/a>) and multitude of ways of performing Clifford gates (10<\/em><\/a>). Universal quantum computation is possible if this gate set is supplemented by a non-Clifford gate. Among the most feasible approaches to realize a non-Clifford gate is by the use of magic-state distillation (11<\/em><\/a>). However, this is somewhat prohibitive as a large fraction of the resources of a quantum computer will be expended by these protocols (12<\/em><\/a>, 13<\/em><\/a>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fault-tolerant logic gates will consume a large proportion of the resources of a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture. Here we show how to perform a fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate with the surface code; a quantum error-correcting code now under intensive development. This alleviates the need for distillation or higher-dimensional components to complete a universal gate set. The [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":427,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1523,41,1617],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-107490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computing","category-information-science","category-quantum-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/427"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107490\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}