{"id":102241,"date":"2020-02-12T10:08:13","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T18:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/02\/strong-optical-coupling-through-superfluid-brillouin-lasing"},"modified":"2020-02-12T10:08:13","modified_gmt":"2020-02-12T18:08:13","slug":"strong-optical-coupling-through-superfluid-brillouin-lasing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/2020\/02\/strong-optical-coupling-through-superfluid-brillouin-lasing","title":{"rendered":"Strong optical coupling through superfluid Brillouin lasing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"aligncenter blog-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog.images\/strong-optical-coupling-through-superfluid-brillouin-lasing.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Brillouin scattering has applications ranging from signal processing<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 1\" title=\"Kittlaus, E. A., Otterstrom, N. T. & Rakich, P. T. On-chip inter-modal Brillouin scattering. Nat. Commun. 8, 15819 (2017).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR1\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e406\">1<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2\" title=\"Li, J., Lee, H. & Vahala, K. J. Microwave synthesizer using an on-chip Brillouin oscillator. Nat. Commun. 4, 2097 (2013).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR2\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e409\">2<\/a><\/sup>, sensing<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3\" title=\"Eggleton, B. J., Poulton, C. G. & Pant, R. Inducing and harnessing stimulated Brillouin scattering in photonic integrated circuits. Adv. Opt. Photon. 5, 536\u2013587 (2013).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR3\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e413\">3<\/a><\/sup> and microscopy<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 4\" title=\"Scarcelli, G. & Yun, S. H. Confocal Brillouin microscopy for three-dimensional mechanical imaging. Nat. Photon. 2, 39\u201343 (2008).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR4\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e417\">4<\/a><\/sup> to quantum information<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 5\" title=\"Renninger, W. H., Kharel, P., Behunin, R. O. & Rakich, P. T. Bulk crystalline optomechanics. Nat. Phys. 14, 601\u2013607 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR5\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e421\">5<\/a><\/sup> and fundamental science<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 6\" title=\"Kharel, P. et al. High-frequency cavity optomechanics using bulk acoustic phonons. Sci. Adv. 5, eaav0582 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR6\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e425\">6<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 7\" title=\"Kashkanova, A. D. et al. Superfluid Brillouin optomechanics. Nat. Phys. 13, 74\u201379 (2017).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR7\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e428\">7<\/a><\/sup>. Most of these applications rely on the electrostrictive interaction between light and phonons<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3\" title=\"Eggleton, B. J., Poulton, C. G. & Pant, R. Inducing and harnessing stimulated Brillouin scattering in photonic integrated circuits. Adv. Opt. Photon. 5, 536\u2013587 (2013).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR3\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e433\">3<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 7\" title=\"Kashkanova, A. D. et al. Superfluid Brillouin optomechanics. Nat. Phys. 13, 74\u201379 (2017).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR7\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e436\">7<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 8\" title=\"Giorgini, A. et al. Stimulated Brillouin cavity optomechanics in liquid droplets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 073902 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR8\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e439\">8<\/a><\/sup>. Here we show that in liquids optically induced surface deformations can provide an alternative and far stronger interaction. This allows the demonstration of ultralow-threshold Brillouin lasing and strong phonon-mediated optical coupling. This form of strong coupling is a key capability for Brillouin-reconfigurable optical switches and circuits<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 9\" title=\"Ruesink, F., Mathew, J. P., Miri, M.-A., Al\u00f9, A. & Verhagen, E. Optical circulation in a multimode optomechanical resonator. Nat. Commun. 9, 1798 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR9\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e443\">9<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 10\" title=\"Shen, Z. et al. Reconfigurable optomechanical circulator and directional amplifier. Nat. Commun. 9, 1797 (2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR10\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e446\">10<\/a><\/sup>, for photonic quantum interfaces<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 11\" title=\"Safavi-Naeini, A. H. & Painter, O. Proposal for an optomechanical traveling wave phonon\u2013photon translator. New J. Phys. 13, 013017 (2011).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR11\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e450\">11<\/a><\/sup> and to generate synthetic electromagnetic fields<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 12\" title=\"Fang, K. et al. Generalized non-reciprocity in an optomechanical circuit via synthetic magnetism and reservoir engineering. Nat. Phys. 13, 465\u2013471 (2017).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR12\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e454\">12<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 13\" title=\"Schmidt, M., Kessler, S., Peano, V., Painter, O. & Marquardt, F. Optomechanical creation of magnetic fields for photons on a lattice. Optica 2, 635\u2013641 (2015).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR13\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e457\">13<\/a><\/sup>. While applicable to liquids quite generally, our demonstration uses superfluid helium. Configured as a Brillouin gyroscope<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 14\" title=\"Li, J., Suh, M. & Vahala, K. Microresonator Brillouin gyroscope. Optica 4, 346\u2013348 (2017).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR14\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e461\">14<\/a><\/sup> this provides the prospect of measuring superfluid circulation with unprecedented precision, and exploring the rich physics of quantum fluid dynamics, from quantized vorticity to quantum turbulence<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 15\" title=\"Sachkou, Y. P. et al. Coherent vortex dynamics in a strongly interacting superfluid on a silicon chip. Science 366, 1480\u20131485 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR15\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e465\">15<\/a>,<a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 16\" title=\"Gauthier, G. et al. Giant vortex clusters in a two-dimensional quantum fluid. Science 364, 1264\u20131267 (2019).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41567-020-0785-0#ref-CR16\" id=\"ref-link-section-d48648e468\">16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brillouin scattering has applications ranging from signal processing1,2, sensing3 and microscopy4 to quantum information5 and fundamental science6,7. Most of these applications rely on the electrostrictive interaction between light and phonons3,7,8. Here we show that in liquids optically induced surface deformations can provide an alternative and far stronger interaction. This allows the demonstration of ultralow-threshold Brillouin [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":513,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1617],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quantum-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/513"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102241"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102241\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifeboat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}