Collaborative work by amateur and professional astronomers has helped to resolve a long-standing misunderstanding about the composition of Jupiter’s clouds. Instead of being formed of ammonia ice—the conventional view—it now appears they are likely to be composed of ammonium hydrosulfide mixed with smog.

The findings have been published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.

The new discovery was triggered by amateur astronomer, Dr. Steven Hill, based in Colorado. Recently, he demonstrated that the abundance of ammonia and cloud-top pressure in Jupiter’s atmosphere could be mapped using commercially-available telescopes and a few specially colored filters.

Love this interview with Erika Alden DeBenedictis on her work towards terraforming Mars with engineered microorganisms, her thoughts about how to develop new funding structures for biotechnology, and her ideas on finding a balance between standardizing practices across biotechnology and retaining customizability. #biotech #mars #future #research

A conversation with Astera resident Erika Alden DeBenedictis.

This timelapse of future technology, the 3rd year of the video series, goes on a journey exploring the human mind becoming digital. Brain chips turn memories and thoughts into data; could this data be sent out into space to live in the cosmos encoded into the magnetic fields between stars.

Other topics covered in this sci-fi documentary video include: bio-printing, asteroid habitats, terraforming Mars, the future of Teslabots, lucid dreaming, and the future of artificial intelligence and brain to computer interfaces (BCI — brain chips).

PATREON
The first and second volumes of ‘The Encyclopedia of the Future’ are now available on my Patreon.

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The interactions between light and nitroaromatic hydrocarbon molecules have important implications for chemical processes in our atmosphere that can lead to smog and pollution. However, changes in molecular geometry due to interactions with light can be very difficult to measure because they occur at sub-Angstrom length scales and femtosecond time scales.

A small team of engineers and geophysicists from Northwestern University, the University of Chicago, and the University of Central Florida has found, via modeling, that creating millions of metal nanorods from material on the Martian surface and then blasting them into the atmosphere would be a more efficient way to heat the planet than generating greenhouse gases. Their paper is published in the journal Science Advances.

Science fiction writers have for many years envisioned a future when Mars is made habitable through terraforming techniques, allowing humans to survive without the need for special buildings and spacesuits. Recently, scientists have begun looking at the possibility, though most project ideas are far less ambitious.

Instead of completely transforming the planet, many are looking at simply warming it up a bit to make it more habitable. Most such ideas have centered on releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere to capture more heat from the sun. Unfortunately, there are few ingredients on the Martian surface that could be used to create and release such gases.

What does the future hold? What will become of this planet and its inhabitants in the centuries to come?
We are living in a historical period that sometimes feels like the prelude to something truly remarkable or terribly dire about to unfold.
This captivating video seeks to decipher the signs and attempt to construct plausible scenarios from the nearly nothing we hold in our hands today.
As always, it will be scientific discoveries leading the dance of change, while philosophers, writers, politicians, and all the others will have the seemingly trivial task of containing, describing, and guiding.
Before embarking on our journey through time, let me state the obvious: No one knows the future!
Numerous micro and macro factors could alter this trajectory—world wars, pandemics, unimaginable social shifts, or climate disasters.
Nevertheless, we’re setting off. And we’re doing so by discussing the remaining decades of the century we’re experiencing right now.

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DISCUSSIONS \& SOCIAL MEDIA

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Credits: Ron Miller, Mark A. Garlick / MarkGarlick.com, Elon Musk/SpaceX/ Flickr.
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00:00 Intro.
01:20 Artificial Intelligence.
02:40 2030 The ELT telescope.
03:20 2031 The International Space Station is deorbited.
04:05 2035 The cons.
04:45 2036 Humans landed on mars.
05:05 2037. The global population reaches 9 billion.
05:57 2038 2038. Airplane accident casualties = 0
06:20 Fusion power is nearing commercial availability.
07:01 2042 Supercomputers.
07:30 2045 turning point for human-artificial intelligence interactions.
08:58 2051 Establishment of the first permanent lunar base.
09:25 2067 The first generation of antimatter-powered spacecraft emerging.
10:07 2080 Autonomous vehicles dominate the streets.
10:35 2090 Religion is fading from European culture.
10:55 2099 Consideration of Mars terraforming.
11:28 22nd century Moon and Mars Settlements.
12:10 2,130 transhumanism.
12:41 2,132 world records are shattered.
12:57 2,137 a space elevator.
14:32 2,170 By this year, there are dozens of human settlements on the Moon.
15:18 2180
16:18 23rd century Immortality.
16:49 2,230 Hi-Tech and Automated Cities.
17:23 2,310 23rd Century: Virtual Reality and Immortality.
18:01 2,320 antimatter-powered propulsion.
18:40 2,500 Terraforming Mars Abandoned.
19:05 2,600 Plastic Cleanup.
19:25 2,800 Silent Probes.
19:37 3,100 Humanity as a Type 2 Civilization.
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#insanecuriosity #timelapseofthefuture #futuretime

…Mars ain’t the kind of place to raise your kids… Even then, since Mars has 38% of Earth’s gravity, it can only retain an atmosphere of about 0.38 bar.

These are some of the most compelling ideas on how to terraform Mars into a habitable, Earth-like world for future explorers.

Vast amounts of water found on Mars, but there’s a catch, Milky Way and Andromeda might not merge after all, a planet found before it gets destroyed, and an easier way to terraform Mars.

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Could we store samples of Earth’s endangered biodiversity on the Moon for long-term preservation? This is what a recent study published in BioScience hopes to address as a team of researchers led by the Smithsonian Institution proposes how the Moon’s permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) located at the lunar north and south poles could be ideal locations for establishing a lunar biorepository where endangered species can be cryopreserved. This study holds the potential to safeguard Earth’s biodiversity from extinction while improving future space exploration and possible terraforming of other worlds.

“Initially, a lunar biorepository would target the most at-risk species on Earth today, but our ultimate goal would be to cryopreserve most species on Earth,” said Dr. Mary Hagedorn, who is a research cryobiologist at the Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute and lead author of the study. “We hope that by sharing our vision, our group can find additional partners to expand the conversation, discuss threats and opportunities and conduct the necessary research and testing to make this biorepository a reality.”

The reason lunar PSRs are of interest for this proposal is due to several craters being completely devoid of sunlight from the Moon’s small axial tilt (6.7 degrees versus Earth’s 23.5 degrees). The team postulates this presents ample opportunity for storing several groups, including pollinators, threatened and endangered animals, culturally important species, and primary producers, just to name a few.

Mosses are among Earth’s great terraformers, turning barren rock into fertile soils, and now a team of scientists is proposing these non-vascular plants could do the same on Mars.

Whether we should introduce life from Earth onto our red neighbor is another question – we don’t have a great track record with this on our own planet.

But if we decide it’s worth messing with soil on Mars to create a second home for us Earthlings, ecologist Xiaoshuang Li and colleagues at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a candidate that they think should do just the trick.