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Archive for the ‘particle physics’ category: Page 73

Apr 4, 2023

Do Earth-like exoplanets have magnetic fields? Far-off radio signal is promising sign

Posted by in categories: alien life, particle physics

Earth’s magnetic field does more than keep everyone’s compass needles pointed in the same direction. It also helps preserve Earth’s sliver of life-sustaining atmosphere by deflecting high energy particles and plasma regularly blasted out of the sun. Researchers have now identified a prospective Earth-sized planet in another solar system as a prime candidate for also having a magnetic field—YZ Ceti b, a rocky planet orbiting a star about 12 light-years away from Earth.

Researchers Sebastian Pineda and Jackie Villadsen observed a repeating emanating from the star YZ Ceti using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, a radio telescope operated by the U.S. National Science Foundation’s National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Research by Pineda and Villadsen to understand the interactions between distant stars and their orbiting planets is supported by NSF. Their research was published today (April 3) in the journal Nature Astronomy.

“The search for potentially habitable or life-bearing worlds in other solar systems depends in part on being able to determine if rocky, Earth-like exoplanets actually have magnetic fields,” says NSF’s Joe Pesce, program director for the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. “This research shows not only that this particular rocky exoplanet likely has a magnetic field but provides a promising method to find more.”

Apr 4, 2023

Recreating the double-slit experiment that proved the wave nature of light in time, instead of space

Posted by in categories: particle physics, quantum physics, space

Imperial physicists have recreated the famous double-slit experiment, which showed light behaving as particles and a wave, in time rather than space.

The experiment relies on that can change their in fractions of a second, which could be used in new technologies or to explore fundamental questions in physics.

The original , performed in 1,801 by Thomas Young at the Royal Institution, showed that light acts as a wave. Further experiments, however, showed that light actually behaves as both a wave and as particles—revealing its .

Apr 3, 2023

Protons seem to be a different size depending on how you look at them

Posted by in category: particle physics

An experiment that probed particles called gluons, which contain most of the mass of a proton, has revealed that a proton’s radius alters depending on whether you look at the particle’s charge or mass.

By Alex Wilkins

Apr 2, 2023

Tiny Bubbles of Primordial Soup Re-create Early Universe

Posted by in category: particle physics

😗😁


New experiments can re-create the young cosmos, when it was a mash of fundamental particles, more precisely than ever before.

Continue reading “Tiny Bubbles of Primordial Soup Re-create Early Universe” »

Apr 2, 2023

Scientists Just Built a Laser That Can Run Forever

Posted by in category: particle physics

Year 2022 😗


Atoms are fed into the system just like a pitching machine.

Apr 2, 2023

Continuous Bose–Einstein condensation

Posted by in category: particle physics

Year 2022 😗


Continuous, indefinitely lasting Bose–Einstein condensation, sustained by amplification through Bose-stimulated gain of atoms from a thermal bath, creates a continuous-wave condensate of strontium atoms.

Apr 1, 2023

Catching Dark Matter in a Basement in Neutrino Alley

Posted by in categories: cosmology, particle physics

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory attempted to observe dark matter in a brightly-lit hallway in the basement using the sensitivity of their neutrino detectors. Neutrino Alley, where the team works, is located beneath the Spallation Neutron Source, a powerful particle accelerator. Following up on years of theoretical calculation, the COHERENT team set out to observe dark matter, which is believed to make up to 85% of the mass of the Universe. The experiment allowed the team to extend the worldwide search for dark matter in a new way, and they are planning to receive a much larger and more sensitive detector to improve their chances of catching dark matter particles.

Few things carry the same aura of mystery as dark matter. The name itself radiates secrecy, suggesting something hidden in the shadows of the Universe.

A collaborative team of scientists called COHERENT, including Kate Scholberg, Arts & Sciences Distinguished Professor of Physics, Phillip Barbeau, associate professor of Physics, and postdoctoral scholar Daniel Pershey, attempted to bring dark matter out of the shadows of the Universe and into a slightly less glamorous destination: a brightly lit, narrow hallway in a basement.

Apr 1, 2023

Scientists have found major storage capacity in water-based batteries

Posted by in category: particle physics

Texas A&M University scientists have been working with metal-free, water-based battery electrodes, and they’re finding that the difference in energy storage capacity is as much as 1,000%.

In the scientists’ paper, published in Nature Materials this week, the water-based, or aqueous, batteries consist of a cathode – the negatively charged electrode; an anode – the positively charged electrode; and an electrolyte, like traditional batteries. But in this water-based battery, the cathodes and anodes are polymers that can store energy, and the electrolyte is water mixed with organic salts.

The electrolyte transfers the ions – the charge-carrying particles – back and forth between the cathode and the anode, and the electrolyte is also key to energy storage through its interactions with the electrode.

Apr 1, 2023

Is Our Universe a Hologram? Physicists Debate Famous Idea on Its 25th Anniversary

Posted by in categories: cosmology, holograms, particle physics, quantum physics

face_with_colon_three year 2022.


AdS/CFT Proves Its Usefulness

One of the first uses of AdS/CFT had to do with understanding black holes. Theoreticians had long been grappling with a paradox thrown up by these enigmatic cosmic objects. In the 1970s Stephen Hawking showed that black holes emit thermal radiation, in the form of particles, because of quantum mechanical effects near the event horizon. In the absence of infalling matter, this “Hawking” radiation would cause a black hole to eventually evaporate. This idea posed a problem. What happens to the information contained in the matter that formed the black hole? Is the information lost forever? Such a loss would go against the laws of quantum mechanics, which say that information cannot be destroyed.

Continue reading “Is Our Universe a Hologram? Physicists Debate Famous Idea on Its 25th Anniversary” »

Apr 1, 2023

Great Mysteries of Physics 4: does objective reality exist?

Posted by in categories: cosmology, particle physics, quantum physics

That means that these two people will say that the state of reality is different – they’d have different facts about where the particle is.

There are may other oddities about quantum mechanics, too. Particles can be entangled in a way that enables them to somehow share information instantaneously even if they’re light years apart, for example. This challenges another common intution: that objects need a physical mediator to interact.

Physicists have therefore long debated how to interpret quantum mechanics. Is it a true and objective description of reality? If so, what happens to all the possible outcomes that we don’t measure? The many worlds interpretation argues they do happen – but in parallel universes.

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